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In American jurisprudence, a suspect classification is any classification of groups meeting a series of criteria suggesting they are likely the subject of discrimination. These classes receive closer scrutiny by courts when an Equal Protection claim alleging unconstitutional discrimination is asserted against a law, regulation, or other government action. == Federal classifications == Strict scrutiny is applied to government action that affect groups that fall under a "suspect classification." The US Supreme Court has mentioned a variety of criteria that, in some combination, may qualify a group as a suspect classification, but the Court has not declared that any particular set of criteria are either necessary or sufficient to qualify.〔Wintemute, Robert, ''(Sexual Orientation and Human Rights )'' (1995)〕 Some of the criteria that have been cited include: * The group has historically been discriminated against, and/or have been subject to prejudice, hostility, and/or stigma, perhaps due, at least in part, to stereotypes.〔 * They possess an immutable〔''(Lyng v. Castillo )'' (1986)〕 and/or highly visible trait. * They are powerless〔 to protect themselves via the political process. (The group is a "discrete" and "insular" minority.〔See: ''U.S. v. Carolene Products''.〕) * The group's distinguishing characteristic does not inhibit it from contributing meaningfully to society.〔See: ''Frontiero v. Richardson 411 U.S. 677, 686 (1973)''.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「suspect classification」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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